This serum is an Azelaic acid derivative (Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate, or PAD) formula to even the skin tone, balance oil production and calm the skin.Azelaic acid is a 3-in-1 clinically proven active that helps reduce blemishes, pigmentation and redness. This formula uses a new-generation water-soluble form called Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate (PAD) that has similar properties to Azelaic acid but enables a super-light, oil-free texture. The two key points of PAD is to even the skin tone and to control excessive oiliness.Cruelty-free | Vegan | Fragrance & Essential oil free | Gluten-free | Malassezia-safe | Pregnancy-safe  aPAD is suitable for all skin types and skin that is looking for an Azelaic Acid product that is also lightweight in texture and layers well with other products. Great for reducing pigmentation, extra oiliness or redness (rosacea). KEY INGREDIENTSPotassium Azeloyl Diglycinate: A new generation azelaic acid derivative designed to be water-soluble and thus enable light formulas. It has a similar effect to the 3-in-1 clinical active azelaic acid that helps to reduce blemishes, pigmentation, and redness. The two strong point of PAD is to even the skin tone and to control excessive oiliness.  aPAD contains 20% Azeclair, the trade name of the PAD solution we are using in the product. This means 6% of pure Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate.Allantoin: A classic skincare ingredient known for its skin soothing and skin protecting abilities.Glycerin & Methyl-Gluceth 20: A gentle humectant combination to help the skin to hold onto water. Use: Apply a few drops to the face after cleansing, before using emulsions and/or creams. Can be used either in the AM and/or PM. Geek & Gorgeous aPAD Serum 30 ml